The popularity of GLP-1 receptor agonist (RA) drugs is skyrocketing, what with Mounjaro and Wegovy becoming household names. Overall, these medications have received praise for their efficacy in helping manage diabetes and obesity. But health authorities have flagged a serious concern over how they might reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
Notably, women must be aware that GLP-1 drug use puts them at serious risk of unwanted pregnancies.
In this article, we explain this crucial warning, as well as its potential mechanisms, and offer you helpful advice.
Official Warnings Issued
Regulatory bodies are sounding the alarm over a serious risk that female patients may take while taking GLP-1 drugs. They may be relying on oral contraceptives for birth control, but may find themselves getting pregnant while on the medication.
In particular, the MHRA (Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency) has issued an advisory about Tirzepatide, a prominent GLP-1 RA. Tirzepatide is the key ingredient in the brand Mounjaro. Specifically, the agency’s warning especially applies to the four weeks after starting Mounjaro and following any dose increase.
The MHRA’s concern impacts many women, including those overweight or obese. Nevertheless, the warning applies to women in general. All women on GLP-1 RAs should pay attention.
According to the agency, the drugs explicitly “may reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.” Similar reports are already surfacing globally after this significant health alert.
Impact on Oral Contraceptives
Many people now know that GLP-1 RAs bring gastrointestinal side effects. In fact, patients often experience nausea, with vomiting and diarrhea also common adverse effects.
Interestingly, these symptoms may also directly impact oral contraceptives, as they impair the absorption of birth control pills. For instance, severe vomiting after taking a pill prevents full absorption. As such, the medication simply does not enter the system.
Consequently, the protective power of oral contraceptives also diminishes, significantly increasing pregnancy risk. While other interactions might exist, an upset gastrointestinal tract is one of GLP-1 drugs’ primary side effects. Likewise, a stomach flu may also present a similar absorption challenge.
Advice for Patients on Contraceptives
The main recommendation is clear: Women on GLP-1 RAs should explore alternatives, with non-oral contraceptives highly advised.
For example, condoms offer effective barrier protection. In addition, intrauterine devices (IUDs), or coils, are also long-term solutions. Contraceptive implants may also provide sustained efficacy.
As such, it’s crucial that you discuss your contraceptives plan with a doctor. Make sure to consult a pharmacist before starting GLP-1 RAs, and do so immediately if you are already on them.
Moreover, as little safety data exists for GLP-1 RAs during pregnancy, authorities advise effective contraception due to potential fetal harm.
Mounjaro manufacturer Eli Lilly sent a statement to Fortune about their stance on the issue.
“Patient safety is Lilly’s top priority, and we actively engage in monitoring, evaluating, and reporting safetyinformation for all our medicines,” read part of the drugmaker’s email.
Your Health: Take Action
In summary, GLP-1 drugs offer health benefits. However, women must understand the risks as they may compromise the efficacy of oral contraceptives.
Therefore, proactive healthcare decisions are essential. Seek professional medical advice without delay and prioritize effective contraception methods as these prevent unintended pregnancies.
Meanwhile, health authorities continue to monitor the issue, with ongoing research set to provide more insights. For your safety, make sure to check for news updates to stay informed.
Photo by Reproductive Health Supplies Coalition on Unsplash
